Knowing Your Woods

Do you live in a humid environment, such as near amuch more malleable properties. Harder, dryer
body of water, or in a basement apartment? If yourwoods, such as Oak and Ebony, will sooner break
kitchen cabinets are made of pine, you may bethan bend. For this reason, knowledgeable
familiar with the flexible nature of wood. Maybe youcabinetmakers always choose harder woods such as
returned to your home one warm, humid night fromMaple, Oak and Cherry for their projects. This
a fun weekend with friends, and saw that yourensures the integrity of their finished product,
cabinet doors were completely warped and unable toregardless of the customer's domestic environment.
close. As odd as it sounds, it does happen. This isBefore you buy your new cabinets, or embark on a
because all wood types have a certain amount ofnew woodworking project, make sure you know
elasticity when put under stress. Of course, variousyour woods. Here is a quick reference list that you
factors are involved, including: the type of wood andcan refer to:
its moisture content, as well as the amount of stressSoft Woods:
that is inflicted upon it.· Pine
The elasticity of wood is something that humans· Douglas Fir
have known about and leveraged for thousands of· Redwood
years, as can readily be verified by the wondrous· Spruce
creations of our ancestors, including, wooden wheels,· Poplar
elaborate battle ships such as Spanish Galleons and· Cedar
countless architectural works. However, it wasn't untilMedium Woods:
the 17th Century that there was scientific insight into· Beech
the definitive properties of this mystery. An English· Walnut
physicist named Robert Hooke developed a theory,· Rosewood
which subsequently became Hooke's law that stated· Ash
that the amount by which a material body is· Chestnut
deformed is linearly related to the force causing theHard Woods:
deformation. In layman terms, this means that stress· Mahogany
applied to a material translates to a proportional strain· Ebony
on this material. Increase the stress and a certain· Cherry
amount of strain will permanently deform the wood.· Maple
Because there are many different types of wood,· Oak
each with varying degrees of moisture content and· Teak
density, under Hooke's Law, some will break while· Hickory
others will bend.Copyright © Harold German, 2007. All Rights
Green, moist woods such as Pine and Douglas fir,Reserved.
which can hold a high amount of moisture, have