Lumber 101

>maple. Good Luck.
Milling Lumber:I have been lucky to find an independant hardware
The sawyer is faced with several different optionsstore in Kamloops that supplies a wide variety of
for the way the log is to be cut. Depending on thedomestic and foreign hardwoods. They allow me look
species of the log and the desired use for the lumberthrough all their stock to choose the best pieces and
that get milled off. Two main choices are flat sawneven will cut a long board in half if that is all I need.
and quarter sawn.Needless to say I value this relationship very high.
Flat sawn lumber can be identified by the arcing endIf you aren't lucky enough to find a local supplier then
grain and open, flame look on the face of the board.the next best thing is to order it. I have ordered
Flat sawn lumber is the most economical to producethrough a couple different companies when my local
and there for is most common.suppplier doesn't have the stock I need. One is in
Quarter sawn lumber is almost exclusively used forWisconsin and the other Minnisota. Of course you
wood working. With quarter sawn lumber a log isaren't able to look through the stock and choose
milled into quarters, the quarters are then sawnwhat you want but most places that provide this
perpendicular to the grain. This gives the lumber aservice gaurentee thier stock.
unique characteristic with the end grain being vertical.A few things to be aware of when ordering lumber.
The face of the boards show the growth rings asFirst make sure you specify whether you want rough
alternating light and dark grain lines.or dressed stock. The main advantage with rough
The big advantage to quarter sawn lumber is it'sstock is it give you the flexiblity to dress the wood
stability. Although it still moves it is a lot less prone toas you choose. You aren't limited to standard
warping then flat sawn lumber because the grain isn'tdimensions. Rough stock will cost less up front, but
subject to radial forces. Depending on what you arewill take some time in the shop to prepare. Plus if
building you have the choice of what type of lumberyou don't have all the proper tools for dressing
you want to use.lumber it may be more hassle then it is worth.
Buying Wood:Dressed lumber is going to cost more but for the
Soft wood is common and is easy to find throughoutweekend wood worker this may be worth the cost.
North America. Almost every lumber retailer carriesI have spent quite a bit of time dressing stock
plenty of softwood in stock. When buying DO NOTbefore starting a project. If you just want to get to
let the attendant in the yard select which lumber youwork then this is probably the best option for you.
are going to buy. Go look through the lift and selectBottom line... If you have access to a lumber yard
which pieces you want because there tend to bethat supplies good hardwood and will let you snoop
more pieces in the lift that are rejects for woodthrough all the stock, then this is probably the best
working.option. If not then you need to consider ordering it.
It is a good idea to restack all the boards that youBefore ordering or buying lumber it helps to be fluent
rejected while looking through the stack. This keepson the terminology used. Hardwood is mostly sold by
the rejects from warping and twisting beyond beingthe "board foot". 1 Board Foot is equal to 144 cubic
useful and will keep the lumber attendant happy.inches. So, for example a 2"x6"x1' board is equal to 1
Keep your eye out for defects when buying wood.board foot ( 2in x 6in x 12in = 144 cubic inches).
this means looking at all four side of the piece ofFor your reference here are standard lumber sizes.
lumber before selecting it. A board that looks good4/4 (four/quarter) rough = 1" thick board
on one side may have wain on the other side,5/4 rough = 1.25" thick board
something you want to avoid.6/4 rough = 1.5" thivk board
Hardwoods are a bit trickier to find at a regular8/4 rough = 2" thick board
lumber yard, especially out here in the west. In British10/4 rough = 2.5" thick board
Columbia I can go to almost any private sawmill and4/4 dressed = 3/4" thick board
find spruce, fir or cedar without a problem and pay a5/4 dressed = 1" thick board
good price for it. Of course all these species are6/4 dressed = 1.25" thick board
readily available, but try doing the same for oak of8/4 dressed = 1.